TEXTURAL Surface
The laminate surface one in one simulates Textural (Брашт) a surface of natural wood - the surface has the small “relief” (roughnesses) created, obviously allocated on it, «wood fibres» and integrated “wood pores” which are repeated accurately by drawing-pattern of the structure of the wood simulated by a laminate. The laminated parquet, with the Textural surface «under a stone tile», one in one simulates the natural roughly processed stone.

The RELIEF Surface
A laminate surface has the small “relief” (roughnesses) created by thin smooth longitudinal strips, going along all length of the panel of a laminate which are not connected in any way with drawing-pattern of the structure of the wood simulated by a laminate. The laminated parquet, with the Relief surface «under a ceramic tile», one in one simulates a natural ceramic tile with a “is rough-rough” surface.

“COUNTRY” the Surface
The laminate surface has large and smooth “relief” (roughnesses), as at roughly processed manually, “on-trinkets”, wood. These “man-made” roughnesses, naturally, are not connected in any way with drawing-pattern of the structure of wood.

The “MADE old” Surface
A laminate surface has the large and smooth “relief” (roughnesses) repeating drawing-pattern of the structure of wood, and appreciable «сколы wood». Such surface turns out, when boards from a natural tree very long time have lain open-air and their surface «изъели» a moisture, light, air and time. Then these boards have cleaned a rough metal scraper, have varnished or oil and have made of them floors indoors.

«A tree under OIL»
The laminate surface very accurately simulates the wood covered with natural oil - a surface equal, without “wood pores”, very smooth both pleasant to the touch and matte (absolutely without a reflexion) - practically same, as at the tree which has absorbed in oil.

Is silky-GLOSSY and GLOSSY Surfaces
The laminate surface simulates the wood covered with brilliant varnishes, with much strong reflexion of the surface.
Some Manufacturers of the laminated parquet (laminate) have surfaces from a combination of 2 Kinds of surfaces set forth above that is acknowledgment of high adaptability to manufacture at them on manufacture.

Laminate flooring is often called Pergo - the Swedish company that introduced laminate flooring 20 years ago. Laminate flooring is actually often referred to as Pergo by many. However, there are now hundreds of laminate flooring brands to choose from. And many flooring manufacturers have introduced innovations that have made installing your own floor easier than ever!

Floors typically consist of a subfloor for support and a floor covering used to give a good walking surface. In modern buildings the subfloor often has electrical wiring, plumbing, and other services built in. Because floors meet many needs, some essential to safety, floors are built to strict building codes.

Special floor structures

Where a special floor structure like a floating floor is laid upon another floor then both may be referred to as subfloors.

Special floor structures are used for a number of purposes:

• Balcony, a platform projecting from a wall
• Floating floor, normally for noise or vibration reduction
• Glass floor, as in glass bottomed elevators
• Nightingale floor makes a noise when an intruder walks on it
• Raised floor, utilities underneath can be accessed easily
• Sprung floor, improves the performance and safety of athletes and dancers

Floor covering

Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface. Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering. Both terms are used interchangeably but floor covering refers more to loose-laid materials.

Materials almost always classified as floor covering include carpet, area rugs, and resilient flooring such as linoleum or vinyl flooring. Materials commonly called flooring include wood flooring, ceramic tile, stone, terrazzo, and various seamless chemical floor coatings.

The choice of material for floor covering is affected by factors such as cost, endurance, noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort. Some types of flooring must not be installed below grade (lower than ground level), and laminate or hardwood should be avoided where there may be moisture or condensation.

The sub-floor may be finished in a way that makes it usable without any extra work, see:

• Earthen floor adobe or clay floors
• Solid ground floor cement screed or granolithic

Carpet

Carpet is a floor covering woven or felted from natural or man-made fibers. Fitted carpet is attached to the floor structure, extends wall-to-wall, and cannot be moved from place to place. An underlay can extend carpet life and improve comfort.

Laminate

Laminate is a floor covering that appears similar to hardwood but is made with a plywood or medium density fiberboard (”MDF”) core with a plastic laminate top layer. Laminate may be more durable than hardwood, but cannot be refinished like hardwood. Laminate flooring is available in many different patterns which can resemble different woods or even ceramic tile. It usually locks or taps together.

Area rugs

Rugs are also woven or felted from fibers, but are smaller than the room in which they are located, have a finished edge, and usually lie over another finished floor such as wood flooring. Rugs may either be temporarily attached to the flooring below by adhesive tape or other methods to prevent creep, or may be loose-laid.

Resilient flooring

Resilient flooring includes many different manufactured products including linoleum, sheet vinyl, vinyl composition tile, cork (sheet or tile), and others.

Wood flooring

Many different species of wood are fabricated into wood flooring in two primary forms: plank and parquet. Bamboo flooring is also available. While bamboo is technically not a wood, bamboo flooring is installed and functions much like wood flooring. Reclaimed lumber has a unique appearance and is green.

Ceramic tile

Ceramic tile includes a wide variety of clay products fired into thin units which are set in beds of mortar or mastic with the joints between tiles grouted. Varieties include quarry tile, porcelain tile, terra cotta tile, and others.

Stone

Many different natural stones are cut into a variety of sizes, shapes, and thicknesses for use as flooring. Stone flooring is usually set in mortar and grouted similar to ceramic tile.

Terrazzo

Terrazzo consists of marble or other stone aggregate set in mortar and ground and polished to a smooth surface.

Seamless chemical flooring

Many different seamless flooring materials are available. These are usually latex, polyester, or epoxy compounds which are applied in liquid form to provide a completely seamless floor covering. These are usually found in wet areas such as laboratories or food processing plants.

Other floorings

• Linoleum
• Marble
• Mosaic
• Parquetry
• Performance surface flooring for dance or athletics
• Rubber
• Tile Includes slate, ceramic and stone tiles

Flooring tools

Special tools used for flooring include:

• Flooring clamp, a clamp for tongue and groove floors while nailing
• Knee kicker, used to stretch carpets flat

Material From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.